health
Inflammation Increase
Adverse effectInflammation Increase is an adverse health-related outcome in which inflammation becomes higher. It describes an increase in the body’s inflammatory response, rather than a reduction in inflammation or a neutral absence of change.
Inflammation Increase describes a health-related effect involving higher inflammation.
These are research findings, not promises. Most options have little evidence, and results differ from person to person.
What can cause it
How likely each one is to cause it, most likely first.
SwimmingpracticePossible
Based on 2 studies. Strongest study: a non-randomized trial.
After a winter swimming season, a quasi-experimental study of 90 women found increased resistin concentrations. In a separate quasi-experimental study of 9 people, TBARS levels were higher 30 days after the first aquatic exercise session than before the program.
Open the Swimming pageHeating Pads / Warm CompressespracticeUnclear
Based on 2 studies. Strongest study: a systematic review of studies.
A 2024 review pooling randomized and non-randomized human studies reported lymph node swelling.
Open the Heating Pads / Warm Compresses pageIce Bath / Cold PlungepracticeUnclear
Based on 3 studies. Strongest study: a randomized controlled trial.
A review of human studies reported increases in peripheral catecholamine concentration and oxidative stress, with a possible increase in free-radical-species formation. In a trial of 34 healthy participants, phospho-NF-κB expression increased after TWI and CWI but remained stable after HWI.
Open the Ice Bath / Cold Plunge pageOzone TherapypracticeUnclear
Based on 2 studies. Strongest study: a randomized controlled trial.
In a 2018 trial involving 174 people with Osteoarthritis, a mild flare reaction was reported after the first injection.
Open the Ozone Therapy pageRed Light Therapy (Photobiomodulation)practiceUnclear
Based on one study. Strongest study: a pooled analysis of several trials.
A 2025 pooled analysis of randomized trials in people with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) reported mild hyperemia.
Open the Red Light Therapy (Photobiomodulation) pageBlack SalvepracticeUnclear
Based on 3 studies. Strongest study: a single case report.
A 2013 case series involving 11 people with melanoma reported granulomatous inflammation; a 2014 case report described localized inflammation and ulceration at the application site.
Open the Black Salve pageSwedish (Classic) MassagepracticeUnclear
Based on one study. Strongest study: a randomized controlled trial.
One randomized trial in healthy participants found a slight increase in mitogen-stimulated interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1b and IL-2 levels, suggesting increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Open the Swedish (Classic) Massage pageCoffee EnemapracticeUnclear
Based on 2 studies. Strongest study: a single case report.
A 2020 case report involving 1 person described proctocolitis.
Open the Coffee Enema page
The expert view shows every study, dose protocol and source.
What can cause it
Interventions reported to bring this on13 listedHighest probability
- →PracticesSwimmingCertaintyMediumSourceClinical2 other sources
After a winter swimming season, a quasi-experimental study of 90 women found increased resistin concentrations. In a separate quasi-experimental study of 9 people, TBARS levels were higher 30 days after the first aquatic exercise session than before the program.
Open SwimmingStudy result
A statistically significant increase in the concentration of... resistin... in women... was observed after the winter swimming season.
Low probability(12)(1)(11)
- →PracticesHeating Pads / Warm CompressesCertaintyLowSourceClinical2 other sources
A 2024 review pooling randomized and non-randomized human studies reported lymph node swelling.
Who was studied
- People with a condition
Open Heating Pads / Warm CompressesStudy result
Lymph node swelling
- →PracticesIce Bath / Cold PlungeCertaintyLowSourceClinical3 other sources
A review of human studies reported increases in peripheral catecholamine concentration and oxidative stress, with a possible increase in free-radical-species formation. In a trial of 34 healthy participants, phospho-NF-κB expression increased after TWI and CWI but remained stable after HWI.
Who was studied
- Healthy people
Open Ice Bath / Cold PlungeStudy result
There was evidence of increases in peripheral catecholamine concentration, oxidative stress and a possible increase in free-radical-species formation.
- →PracticesOzone TherapyCertaintyLowSourceClinical2 other sources
In a 2018 trial involving 174 people with Osteoarthritis, a mild flare reaction was reported after the first injection.
Who was studied
- People with a condition
- Osteoarthritis
Open Ozone TherapyStudy result
Mild flare reaction after first injection
- →PracticesRed Light Therapy (Photobiomodulation)CertaintyLowSourceClinical1 other source
A 2025 pooled analysis of randomized trials in people with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) reported mild hyperemia.
Who was studied
- People with a condition
- Age Related Macular Degeneration
Open Red Light Therapy (Photobiomodulation)Study result
Mild hyperemia
- →PracticesBlack SalveCertaintyLowSourceClinical3 other sources
A 2013 case series involving 11 people with melanoma reported granulomatous inflammation; a 2014 case report described localized inflammation and ulceration at the application site.
Who was studied
- People with a condition
- Melanoma
Open Black SalveStudy result
granulomatous inflammation
- →PracticesSwedish (Classic) MassageCertaintyLowSourceClinical1 other source
One randomized trial in healthy participants found a slight increase in mitogen-stimulated interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1b and IL-2 levels, suggesting increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Who was studied
- Healthy people
Open Swedish (Classic) MassageStudy result
a slight increase in mitogen-stimulated interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1b and IL-2 levels, suggesting increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines
- →PracticesCoffee EnemaCertaintyLowSourceClinical2 other sources
A 2020 case report involving 1 person described proctocolitis.
- →PracticesCardioCertaintyLowSourceReview1 other source
A review described oxidative stress and a paradoxical increase in inflammation after extreme exercise.
Open CardioStudy result
Extreme-exercise-induced oxidative stress and paradoxical inflammation
- →PracticesCupping TherapyCertaintyLowSourceReview1 other source
A 2021 review raised the possibility that cupping could induce rheumatic conditions, including Ankylosing Spondylitis, Gout, and Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Who was studied
- People with a condition
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Gout
- Osteoarthritis
- Psoriasis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Vasculitis
Open Cupping TherapyStudy result
Induction of rheumatic conditions
- →SupplementsChagaCertaintyLowSourceAnimal research2 other sources
Significantly elevated in HD group vs other groups
Open ChagaDose & course
16 weeks
- →PracticesAcupunctureCertaintyLowSourceAnecdotal1 other source
This effect was mentioned in 2 of 191 Reddit reports discussing it.
- →PracticesWim Hof Method BreathingCertaintyLowSourceAnecdotal1 other source
This effect was mentioned in 2 of 315 Reddit reports discussing it.
How to read the evidence
Evidence tier — overall strength of the evidence for the whole compound
- StrongWell established — backed by strong, consistent human research.
- ModerateSome genuine support, but mostly from small or lower-quality studies. Promising, not proven.
- PreliminaryEarly-stage evidence — a promising hypothesis, not an established effect yet.
- LimitedVery limited evidence — treat this as a hypothesis, not proof.
- InsufficientNot enough good evidence to draw conclusions yet.
Certainty — how sure we can be that the effect is real
- Very highVery sure — strong, consistent evidence
- HighFairly sure — consistent evidence from good studies
- MediumModerately sure — new studies could change this
- LowNot sure — little or mixed evidence
- Very lowVery unsure — almost no usable evidence
Source — where the data comes from
- Meta-analysisPooled analysis of many trials — the strongest evidence
- RCTRandomized controlled trial — a strong human study design
- ClinicalA human clinical study
- Reference knowledgeFrom general health-science or pharmacology references, not a study of this exact claim
- Animal researchStudied in animals, not humans
- Community reportsAggregated user reports — anecdotal signal, not evidence
- TheoreticalMechanism-based reasoning, not yet tested
Study grade — quality of each underlying study (A best, D weakest)
- AHigh-quality — strong, consistent human trials
- BGood — solid evidence with some limitations
- CModerate — limited, small, or mixed-quality studies
- DWeak — preliminary, indirect, or animal-only
Confidence — how strongly the sources back a finding
A 0–100 score from study quality and agreement
Most supplement evidence is graded C–D. Read it as preliminary signal, not proof.
Full write-up
What is it
Inflammation Increase is an adverse health-related outcome in which inflammation becomes higher. It describes an increase in the body’s inflammatory response, rather than a reduction in inflammation or a neutral absence of change. The outcome may be observed as a local response or as a broader increase in inflammation, depending on the context.
How interventions help
Inflammation increase can arise through different patterns rather than one common pathway. Cigarette Smoking is associated with a broader periodontal pattern, including higher Gingival Index and poorer Plaque Index, while Black Salve can produce intense local inflammation and swelling that extends beyond the application site. Hyaluronic Acid is linked with local acute inflammatory reactions, effusions, and eosinophil accumulation, with product characteristics affecting the frequency of adverse events.
Some findings involve changes in inflammatory or related laboratory markers after continued use. With Zinc, a 30 mg/day intake over 12 weeks was associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, including elevated CRP. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) at 2000 mg/day for 16 weeks was associated with a 2.96-fold increase. In contrast, Resveratrol produced an increase in TNF-α after a single 5 g dose, indicating that the time course can differ substantially between interventions.
Not every finding represents a sustained or clearly clinical change. In a 6-month comparison using Black Elderberry at 5 mL three times daily, LDHA remained stable in the elderberry group while it decreased in the placebo group. Other reports describe possible skin inflammation with Curcumin, a possible pro-inflammatory effect from high doses of Lycopene, and immune stimulation from Echinacea that may worsen underlying inflammatory or autoimmune conditions.
The applicability of these observations also varies. Findings involving Lemon Balm (Melissa) came from a study in animals, while some reports for Ozone Therapy, Ashwagandha, Iodine, and Oregano Oil were anecdotal. These differences matter when interpreting whether an observed inflammatory change is likely to apply to a particular person, product, dose, or duration.
Choosing guidance
These entries are not directly interchangeable: they cover different kinds of observations, including clinical findings, pharmacology references, animal studies, and anecdotal reports. The clinical evidence is more relevant to human decision-making than findings from animals or personal reports, while pharmacology references may describe a plausible or observed reaction without showing how often it occurs in people. Health status was not specified, so applicability to particular conditions or groups is limited.
The amount and exposure period also vary substantially. Some observations followed a single dose, whereas others involved daily use over 12 weeks, 16 weeks, or 6 months. This means an effect observed after brief exposure should not automatically be compared with one assessed after prolonged use. The available evidence also does not establish how quickly inflammation appears or whether it resolves after exposure ends.
The reported outcomes are heterogeneous rather than a single biological pattern. They include local tissue irritation or swelling, inflammatory markers, immune-related concerns, and changes described in observational reports. Several options have only anecdotal support, so those reports can indicate what has been described but cannot clarify causation or frequency. For comparisons, focus first on whether the evidence comes from people, whether the exposure matches the intended use, and whether the findings are consistent across studies. A low-probability entry with limited or indirect evidence should not be treated as equivalent to the clinical evidence associated with Cigarette Smoking.