health
Bloating
Adverse effectBloating is an unwanted digestive effect characterized by abdominal distention. It is an outcome reported in connection with some interventions, rather than an intended benefit.
Bloating is a health topic with its own focused overview.
These are research findings, not promises. Most options have little evidence, and results differ from person to person.
What can cause it
How likely each one is to cause it, most likely first.
Ozone TherapypracticeUnclear
Based on 3 studies. Strongest study: a pooled analysis of several trials.
Pooled human studies in people with Covid 19 reported bloating and slight meteorism; another pooled analysis reported a feeling of bloating after rectal ozone therapy.
Open the Ozone Therapy pageAcupuncturepracticeUnclear
Based on 2 studies. Strongest study: a pooled analysis of several trials.
A pooled analysis of randomized trials in 2025 reported abdominal bloating in studies involving people with ankylosing spondylitis. A 2026 systematic review reported perceived abdominal distension that was adjusted by changing needle depth.
Open the Acupuncture pageCoffee Enemapracticesimple.meter.userReports
Based on one study.
Open the Coffee Enema pageFastingpracticesimple.meter.userReports
Based on one study.
Open the Fasting pageSea Moss (Irish Moss)supplementsimple.meter.userReports
Based on one study.
Open the Sea Moss (Irish Moss) pageTurkey Tailsupplementsimple.meter.userReports
Based on one study.
Open the Turkey Tail page
The expert view shows every study, dose protocol and source.
What can cause it
Interventions reported to bring this on6 listedHighest probability
- →PracticesOzone TherapyCertaintyLowSourceClinical3 other sources
Pooled human studies in people with Covid 19 reported bloating and slight meteorism; another pooled analysis reported a feeling of bloating after rectal ozone therapy.
Who was studied
- People with a condition
- Covid 19
Open Ozone TherapyStudy result
Bloating and slight meteorism
- →PracticesAcupunctureCertaintyLowSourceClinical2 other sources
A pooled analysis of randomized trials in 2025 reported abdominal bloating in studies involving people with ankylosing spondylitis. A 2026 systematic review reported perceived abdominal distension that was adjusted by changing needle depth.
Who was studied
- People with a condition
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
Open AcupunctureStudy result
abdominal bloating
- →PracticesCoffee EnemaCertaintyLowSourceAnecdotal1 other source
Incomplete evacuation or gas retention following enema administration may cause transient bloating and discomfort.
- →PracticesFastingCertaintyLowSourceAnecdotal1 other source
This effect was mentioned in 2 of 425 Reddit reports discussing it.
- →SupplementsSea Moss (Irish Moss)CertaintyLowSourceAnecdotal1 other source
This effect was mentioned in 10 of 299 community reports discussing it (YouTube 8, Reddit 2).
- →SupplementsTurkey TailCertaintyLowSourceAnecdotal1 other source
Some users report mild bloating or gas, likely due to the fiber and polysaccharide content.
How to read the evidence
Evidence tier — overall strength of the evidence for the whole compound
- StrongWell established — backed by strong, consistent human research.
- ModerateSome genuine support, but mostly from small or lower-quality studies. Promising, not proven.
- PreliminaryEarly-stage evidence — a promising hypothesis, not an established effect yet.
- LimitedVery limited evidence — treat this as a hypothesis, not proof.
- InsufficientNot enough good evidence to draw conclusions yet.
Certainty — how sure we can be that the effect is real
- Very highVery sure — strong, consistent evidence
- HighFairly sure — consistent evidence from good studies
- MediumModerately sure — new studies could change this
- LowNot sure — little or mixed evidence
- Very lowVery unsure — almost no usable evidence
Source — where the data comes from
- Meta-analysisPooled analysis of many trials — the strongest evidence
- RCTRandomized controlled trial — a strong human study design
- ClinicalA human clinical study
- Reference knowledgeFrom general health-science or pharmacology references, not a study of this exact claim
- Animal researchStudied in animals, not humans
- Community reportsAggregated user reports — anecdotal signal, not evidence
- TheoreticalMechanism-based reasoning, not yet tested
Study grade — quality of each underlying study (A best, D weakest)
- AHigh-quality — strong, consistent human trials
- BGood — solid evidence with some limitations
- CModerate — limited, small, or mixed-quality studies
- DWeak — preliminary, indirect, or animal-only
Confidence — how strongly the sources back a finding
A 0–100 score from study quality and agreement
Most supplement evidence is graded C–D. Read it as preliminary signal, not proof.
Full write-up
What is it
Bloating is an unwanted digestive effect characterized by abdominal distention. It is an outcome reported in connection with some interventions, rather than an intended benefit. Examples include bloating associated with Creatine and Collagen, while osmotically active magnesium salts can cause abdominal distention or bloating, particularly at laxative doses.
How interventions help
The interventions listed here are associated with causing bloating rather than reducing it. The proposed explanations differ between interventions, and a mechanism is not specified for every finding.
For Magnesium, osmotically active magnesium salts can draw water into the gut and cause abdominal distention or bloating, particularly at laxative doses. Coffee Enema may cause transient bloating and discomfort when evacuation is incomplete or gas is retained after administration. For several other interventions, the recorded finding is bloating or abdominal distension without a stated mechanism.
Creatine is the only intervention here with a specified dose and duration: studies used up to 40 g/day for up to 48 months, and bloating was significantly more common in participants on creatine. No onset timing or information about whether bloating persists after stopping is provided. The interventions were studied in people whose health status was not specified, so these findings do not establish how the pattern applies to particular medical conditions or individual circumstances.
Choosing guidance
When comparing these options, first consider the type of evidence behind the association. Clinical studies and randomized controlled trials provide more direct evidence than anecdotal reports or pharmacology references, while a meta-analysis can combine results across studies without guaranteeing that the findings apply to every product, dose, or person. The health status of participants was not specified, so the findings may not translate equally to people with particular medical conditions.
Dose and duration matter. Some gastrointestinal effects are linked to larger amounts, laxative doses, acute single-dose use, or extended exposure, whereas other findings do not include enough dosing information to judge whether the effect is likely at ordinary use. Options involving osmotic activity, fermentable or prebiotic material, laxative effects, delayed gastric emptying, or gas retention may be less suitable for someone who is especially sensitive to abdominal fullness or gas.
For a short-term decision, give greater attention to whether the finding came from an acute exposure or a study lasting several weeks. For ongoing use, prefer options with exposure periods that resemble the intended use, and treat brief studies as limited evidence about longer-term tolerability. When studies disagree, regard the association as uncertain rather than assuming that one result applies universally. This is particularly important when evidence is anecdotal, comes from small studies, or is explicitly marked as conflicting.